What are the early signs of autism?

Autism can present in children in many different ways, so it’s important to consult with a healthcare provider if you suspect your child may be showing symptoms. Each child is unique, and the symptoms can range from mild to severe. Therefore, if you suspect your child may be showing signs of autism, it is essential to consult with a healthcare provider for a thorough evaluation. Here’s what you should look out for.
‍
Communication Delays
One of the most common early signs of autism is a delay or lack of communication skills. Children on the autism spectrum may experience significant delays in language development. They might not babble or use gestures, such as pointing or waving, by the age of one. As they grow older, they may have limited vocabulary or difficulty forming sentences. Some children may exhibit echolalia, which is the repetition of words or phrases they hear instead of generating their own responses.

Limited Eye Contact
Children with autism often avoid making eye contact, which can be one of the earliest indicators. They might not look at people directly or may only make fleeting eye contact. This lack of eye contact can make it challenging for them to engage in social interactions and understand social cues, such as recognizing emotions or intentions in others.
‍
Inattention to Gestures and Facial Expressions
Another early sign of autism is a child’s inattention to gestures and facial expressions. They may not follow when someone points at an object or understand the meaning behind facial expressions. This can lead to difficulties in understanding and responding to social cues, making interactions with others more challenging.

Regression in Skills
Some children on the autism spectrum may show a regression in skills, particularly in speech and social interaction. This means they might develop certain skills and then lose them over time. For example, a child may begin to talk and then suddenly stop speaking or show a decrease in their social engagement and interaction abilities.

Repetitive Behaviors
Repetitive behaviors are another hallmark of autism. Children may engage in repetitive movements such as hand-flapping, rocking, or spinning. They might also develop specific routines or rituals and become distressed if these routines are disrupted. This need for consistency and repetition can extend to their play, where they may line up toys in a specific order rather than engaging in imaginative play.

Sensory Sensitivities
Many children with autism have unusual reactions to sensory stimuli. They might be overly sensitive to sounds, lights, textures, or smells, which can cause discomfort or lead to avoidance behaviors. Conversely, some children may seek out certain sensory experiences, such as touching specific textures or looking at lights.

Lack of Joint Attention
Most children are able to demonstrate joint attention, which is the shared focus of two individuals on an object. Children with autism may struggle with this skill, making it difficult for them to follow another person's gaze or point out interesting objects to others. This can impact their ability to learn from social interactions and shared experiences.

Challenges in Social Play
Children on the autism spectrum often have difficulty engaging in typical social play. They might prefer solitary play and have trouble understanding the rules of group games. Their play might be more repetitive and less imaginative compared to their peers.

Early Intervention
It is important to recognize these behaviors early l because early intervention can significantly improve outcomes for children with autism. Interventions such as speech therapy, occupational therapy, and behavioral therapy can help address communication, social, and behavioral challenges. If you notice any of these signs in your child, consult with a healthcare provider for a comprehensive evaluation and to discuss potential interventions.